Second generation standards are sample programs for academic subjects. Federal educational standard of the second generation. What is the difference between the new standards and the current ones?

Second generation standards
Sample programs for academic subjects
ART. 5-9 grades

The study of fine arts in primary school is a continuation of the initial stage of artistic and aesthetic development of the individual and is an important, integral link in the system of lifelong education. The peculiarities of the content of teaching fine arts in primary schools are determined by the specifics of art as a social phenomenon, the tasks of art education and upbringing, as well as the long-standing traditions of domestic pedagogy.
A great contribution to achieving the main goals of basic general education is made by the study of fine arts, which is aimed at:
- to develop figurative perception of the visual world and master the methods of artistic, creative self-expression of the individual;
- to harmonize the emotional, spiritual and intellectual development of the individual as the basis for the formation of a holistic view of the world;
- to develop abilities for artistic and creative knowledge of the world and oneself in this world;
- to prepare the student for a conscious choice of an individual educational or professional trajectory.
An approximate program in fine arts was developed taking into account the logic of the educational process of general secondary education, interdisciplinary and intradisciplinary connections, the continued formation of students' aesthetic attitude to the world on the basis of visual artistic images, the realization of the artistic and creative potential of students using the material of fine arts. The program is built on the principle of concentric returns to the basics of fine art studied in primary school, their constant deepening and wider disclosure.
The study of fine arts in primary school is aimed at the formation of moral values, ideas about the real artistic picture of the world, and involves the development and formation of an emotional-imaginative, artistic type of thinking, which, along with the rational-logical type of thinking that prevails in other subjects of the curriculum, ensures the formation of holistic thinking of students. The skills of emotional and value relations, aesthetic perception of the world, and artistic and creative activity developed in primary school should acquire a new quality. The leading approaches to studying the subject are activity-based and problem-based. Of particular importance is the formation of the foundations of critical thinking based on the perception and analysis of works of fine art, understanding the role of art in the life of society.
The study of fine arts provides the opportunity for real integration with related subject areas (music, history and social studies, Russian language and literature). There is also the possibility of building a system of interdisciplinary and supra-subject connections, integrating basic and additional education through turning to the realization of the artistic and creative potential of students, the synthesis of training and education implemented in project activities. Creative activities using artistic materials and techniques can be supplemented by creative projects based on computer multimedia technologies, based on museum pedagogy, etc.
Teaching children fine arts should be aimed at achieving the following set of results.
Personal results of studying fine arts in primary school:
- the formation of artistic taste as the ability to feel and perceive plastic arts in all the diversity of their types and genres;
- acceptance of a multicultural picture of the modern world;
in the labor sphere:
- developing independent work skills when performing practical creative work;
- readiness for a conscious choice of further educational trajectory;
in the cognitive sphere:
- the ability to understand the world through images and forms of fine art.
Meta-subject results of studying fine arts in basic school are manifested:
in the development of artistic-imaginative, aesthetic type of thinking, the formation of a holistic perception of the world;
in the development of fantasy, imagination, artistic intuition, memory;
in the formation of critical thinking, in the ability to argue one’s point of view in relation to various works of fine art;
in gaining experience in perceiving works of art as the basis for the formation of communication skills.

In the field of subject results, a general education institution provides the student with the opportunity at the level of basic general education to learn:

In the cognitive sphere:
- explore the world through a visual artistic image, imagine the place and role of fine art in human life and society;
- master the basics of visual literacy, features of figurative and expressive language of different types of fine arts, artistic means of expression;
- acquire practical skills and abilities in visual arts;
- distinguish between the studied types of plastic arts;
- perceive and analyze the meaning (concept) of the artistic image of works of plastic arts;
- describe works of fine art and cultural phenomena, using special terminology, give definitions of the concepts studied;

In the value-orientation sphere:
- to form an emotional and value-based attitude towards art and life, to be aware of the system of universal human values;
- develop aesthetic (artistic) taste as the ability to feel and perceive plastic arts in all the diversity of their types and genres, to master the multicultural picture of the modern world;
- understand the value of the artistic culture of different peoples of the world and the place of domestic art in it;
- respect the culture of other peoples; master an emotional and value-based attitude towards art and life, the spiritual and moral potential accumulated in works of art;
navigate the system of moral norms and values ​​presented in works of art;

In the communication field:
- navigate social, aesthetic and information communications;
- organize dialogue forms of communication with works of art;

In the aesthetic sphere:
- to realize creative potential in one’s own artistic and creative activity, to carry out self-determination and self-realization of the individual on an aesthetic level;
- develop artistic thinking, taste, imagination and fantasy, form the unity of emotional and intellectual perception based on the material of the plastic arts;
- perceive aesthetic values, express an opinion about the merits of works of high and popular fine art, be able to identify associative connections and realize their role in creative activity;
- show a strong interest in art, the artistic traditions of their people and the achievements of world culture; to form an aesthetic outlook;

In the labor sphere:
- use various means of expression, artistic materials and techniques in their creative activities.

The main content lines in the study of fine arts are:
the emergence and types of plastic arts; language and genres of fine arts;
artistic image and artistic and expressive means of painting, graphics, sculpture, decorative and applied arts; connection of times in art using the example of the evolution of artistic images.
The main types of educational activities of students are: perception of works of plastic arts; practical creative activity in various genres, types, artistic materials and techniques.
Sample programs of basic general education in the fine arts are compiled based on the hours specified in the Basic Curriculum of educational institutions of general education.
The subject “Fine Arts” is recommended to be studied in grades 5-7 for at least 105 hours (35 hours in each grade).
Art
The study of art makes a great contribution to achieving the main goals of basic general education. In basic school, students are introduced to fine arts and music. Previously formed skills of active dialogue with art become the basis for the process of generalization and reflection; within the framework of the training course, the results of the study of world artistic culture are rethought. Thus, the content of studying the “Art” course in primary school is the result of the first stage of aesthetic development of the individual and represents an integral link in the system of lifelong education.
When studying the subject “Art”, the task of students’ perception of works of art, revealing to them the patterns of historical development, features of the figurative language of art, the formation and development of artistic and imaginative thinking is brought to the fore.
A special place is given to the study of Russian art. Art in which the native word sounds, the feelings and aspirations of compatriots are captured, is closer, more understandable and is perceived more sharply. This makes it possible to create conditions for dialogue between cultures not only of different historical eras, but also within one era (domestic and foreign art); helps to identify what is common and unique, which is determined by the historical fate, psychological make-up, traditions, and uniqueness of the spiritual life of each people; contributes to the achievement of social consolidation and harmony in the context of the growing social, ethnic, religious and cultural diversity of our society.
The activities of an educational institution of general education in teaching art should be aimed at achieving the following personal results by students:
development of figurative perception and mastery of methods of artistic, creative self-expression of the individual;
harmonization of intellectual and emotional development of the individual;
formation of a worldview, a holistic idea of ​​the world, of the forms of existence of art;
development of skills and abilities of cognition and self-knowledge through art, accumulation of diversity and unique experience of aesthetic experience;
formation of a creative attitude to problems, preparation for a conscious choice of an individual educational or professional trajectory.

Meta-subject results of studying art in primary school:
application of methods of cognition through artistic image to study various aspects of the surrounding reality;
active use of basic intellectual operations: analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalization, systematization, identification of cause-and-effect relationships, search for analogues in the existence and dynamics of the development of art;
the ability to organize one’s activities, determine its goals and objectives, choose means of achieving these goals and apply them in practice, interact with other people in achieving common goals; evaluate the results achieved;
development of critical thinking, the ability to argue one’s point of view regarding works of art;
to form key competencies in the process of dialogue with art: research skills, communication skills, information skills.
In the field of subject results, a general educational institution provides the student with the opportunity to learn:
in the cognitive sphere:
- represent the place and role of art in the development of world culture, in human life and society;
- observe (perceive) objects and phenomena of art, perceive the meaning (concept) of an artistic image, a work of art;
- to assimilate the features of the language of different types of art, artistic means of expression, the specifics of the artistic image in various types of art;
- distinguish between the studied types and genres of art;
- describe art phenomena using special terminology;
- classify the studied objects and cultural phenomena;
- structure the studied material and information obtained from various sources;

In the value-orientation sphere:
- represent a system of universal human values;
- realize the value of the art of different peoples of the world and the place of domestic art;
- respect the culture of another people, master the spiritual and moral potential accumulated in works of art, show an emotional and value-based attitude towards art and life, navigate the system of moral norms and values ​​presented in works of art;
in the communication field:
- to form communicative, informational and social-aesthetic competence, including mastering the culture of oral and written speech;
- use methods of aesthetic communication, master interactive forms of communication with works of art;
in the aesthetic field:
- develop individual artistic taste, intellectual and emotional spheres;
- perceive and analyze aesthetic values, express an opinion on the merits of works of high and popular art, see associative connections and realize their role in creative activity;
- show a strong interest in art, the artistic traditions of one’s people and the achievements of world culture, and expand one’s aesthetic horizons;
- understand the conventions of the language of various types of art, create conventional images and symbols;
- determine the dependence of the artistic form on the purpose of the creative concept;
- realize your creative potential, carry out self-determination and self-realization of the individual on aesthetic (artistic and figurative) material;

In the labor sphere:
- use various artistic materials, use expressive means of art in their creativity, both in traditional and innovative (information) technologies.
The main content lines in the study of art: the role and place of art in the life of man and society, the artistic image and its specificity in various types of art; types and genres, styles and movements in art; history of art of different eras (primitive art, art of the Ancient World, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, the Enlightenment; general characteristics of the art of the 19th century); art of the peoples of Russia and the world artistic process; 20th century art; new types of art (cinema, television, computer art and its aesthetic features).
The main types of educational activities of students are: perception of works of art (listening to music, perception of works of plastic arts, watching films, theatrical performances, etc.); creative activity in various types of art, genres and artistic techniques; carrying out research projects using new information and communication technologies.
Sample programs for basic general education in the arts are based on the hours specified in the Basic Curriculum of General Education Institutions.
The subject “Art” is recommended to be studied in grades 8 and 9 for at least 35 hours in each grade.

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Second generation standards."

Fundamental core of general education content: project

The book pays attention to the definition of the Fundamental Core of the content of general education, its main purpose in the system of normative support of second-generation standards. The creation of the Fundamental Core is the initial stage of developing new content for general education, which will be followed by the development of concepts for subject areas, planned learning outcomes, a basic curriculum, sample subject programs, etc.

The concept of spiritual and moral development and education of a Russian citizen.

The concept of spiritual and moral development and personal education of a Russian citizen was developed in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education” on the basis of the annual messages of the President of Russia to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation. The document is the methodological basis for the development and implementation of the federal state educational standard for general education. The concept represents a value-normative basis for the interaction of educational institutions with other subjects of socialization - family, public organizations, religious associations, institutions of additional education, culture and sports, and the media. The purpose of this interaction is to jointly provide conditions for the spiritual and moral development and education of students.

Approximate basic educational program of an educational institution. Basic school.

Compiled by

In accordance with Art. 14 clause 5 of the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education”, this program is the basis for the development of the main educational program of an educational institution.

Biology. 5-9 grades

An approximate biology program for a basic school is compiled on the basis of the Fundamental Core of the Content of General Education and the Requirements for the Results of Basic General Education, presented in the federal state educational standard of general education of the second generation. It also takes into account the main ideas and provisions of the program for the development and formation of universal educational activities for general education, and maintains continuity with exemplary programs of primary general education.

Sample programs for academic subjects.

Biology. 6-9 grades Natural science 5th grade.

The programs were prepared within the framework of the project “Development, testing and implementation of federal state standards of general education of the second generation”, implemented by the Russian Academy of Education by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and the Federal Agency for Education.

https://pandia.ru/text/78/652/images/image008_55.jpg" align="left" width="157" height="232 src="> Sample programs of basic general education. LIFE SAFETY FUNDAMENTALS. 5-9 grades

The program publishes the changed content of education in the subject, and for the first time forms of educational activities for schoolchildren are given for each section of the course.

https://pandia.ru/text/78/652/images/image010_49.jpg" align="left" width="152" height="231 src="> Sample programs for academic subjects.

Physics 7-9.

An approximate physics program for a basic school is compiled on the basis of the Fundamental Core of the Content of General Education and the Requirements for the results of mastering the basic educational program of basic general education, presented in the Federal State Educational Standard of Basic General Education.

Variation" href="/text/category/variatciya/" rel="bookmark">variable component of educational content. Authors of work programs and textbooks can offer their own approach in terms of structuring educational material, determining the sequence of its study, expanding the volume (detail) of content , as well as ways to form a system of knowledge, skills and methods of activity, development, education and socialization of students. Work programs compiled on the basis of an example program can be used in educational institutions of different profiles and different specializations.

Sample programs for academic subjects. Russian language. 5-9 grades

The approximate Russian language program for primary school is compiled on the basis of the Fundamental Core of the Content of General Education and the Requirements for the Results of Basic General Education presented in the Federal State Standard of General Education of the Second Generation. It also takes into account the main ideas and provisions of the program for the development and formation of universal educational activities for basic general education, continuity with exemplary programs of primary general education.

Sample programs for academic subjects. Geography. 5-9 grades

The programs were prepared within the framework of the project “Development, testing and implementation of federal state standards of general education of the second generation”, implemented by the Russian Academy of Education by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and the Federal Agency for Education.

Foreign languages" href="/text/category/inostrannie_yaziki/" rel="bookmark">foreign language for primary school is compiled on the basis of the Fundamental Core of the Content of General Education and the Requirements for the Results of Basic General Education, presented in the Federal State Educational Standard for General Education of the Second generation. It also takes into account the basic ideas and provisions of the program for the development and formation of universal educational activities for general education, and maintains continuity with the exemplary programs of primary general education.

Sample programs for academic subjects.

History 5-9 grades.

Today it is necessary to know what educational requirements the second generation standards impose and to use new approaches in work. The program offers modified content of education in the subject, for the first time provides forms of educational activity for schoolchildren in a history course, and also contains recommendations for equipping the educational process.

Curricula" href="/text/category/uchebnie_programmi/" rel="bookmark">The curriculum for a subject determines the invariant (mandatory) part of the curriculum and, along with the standard requirements related to educational outcomes, is a guideline for drawing up work programs for all general education institutions that provide basic general education. The sample program does not specify the sequence of studying the material and its distribution among classes. The authors of work programs and textbooks can offer their own approach to structuring the educational material and determining the sequence of its study.

Sample programs for academic subjects. Social studies 5-9 grades.

Today it is necessary to know what educational requirements the second generation standards impose and to use new approaches in work. The program offers modified content of education in the subject, for the first time provides forms of educational activity for schoolchildren in the social studies course, and also contains recommendations for equipping the educational process.

Sample programs for academic subjects. Technology 5-9 grades.

The sample program is the basis and guideline for compiling original programs and textbooks (can be directly used in thematic planning of an author's course by a teacher). At the same time, the authors of programs and textbooks can apply their own approach in terms of structuring educational material, supplementing it with the desired storylines for them, determining the sequence of studying this material, distributing hours by sections and topics, as well as ways to supplement the content of the system of knowledge, skills and methods of activity, development and socialization of students according to the presented content.

Sample programs for academic subjects. Physical Culture. 5-9 grades

Today it is necessary to know what educational requirements the second generation standards impose and to use new approaches to work. The program provides a modified content of education in the subject “Physical Education”; for the first time, forms of educational activity for students in each section of the course are given. The programs are intended for teachers and methodologists.

Sample programs for academic subjects.

Chemistry. 8-9 grades

An approximate chemistry program for a primary school is compiled on the basis of the Fundamental Core of the Content of General Education and the Requirements for the Results of Basic General Education, presented in the federal state educational standard of general education of the second generation. It also takes into account the main ideas and provisions of the program for the development and formation of universal educational activities for basic general education, and maintains continuity with the exemplary programs of primary general education.

https://pandia.ru/text/78/652/images/image022_16.jpg" align="left" width="158 height=229" height="229"> Extracurricular activities of schoolchildren. Methodical designer.

The book contains methodological recommendations for organizing extracurricular activities for schoolchildren. A unique methodological constructor for extracurricular activities includes types, forms and levels of student activity results. The manual is addressed to teachers, methodologists, specialists in the advanced training system, and students of pedagogical universities.

Extracurricular work" href="/text/category/vneklassnaya_rabota/" rel="bookmark">extracurricular work. The remaining manuals formulate the goals and objectives of specific areas of extracurricular activities, describe the content, thematic planning and expected results of the implementation of programs.

Sample programs for academic subjects

Foreign language grades 5-9

M, Education, 2010 (Second generation standards)

Explanatory note

An approximate foreign language program for a primary school is compiled on the basis of the Fundamental Core of the Content of General Education and the Requirements for the Results of Basic General Education, presented in the federal state educational standard of general education of the second generation. It also takes into account the main ideas and provisions of the program for the development and formation of universal educational activities for general education, and maintains continuity with the exemplary programs of primary general education.

The approximate program is a guideline for drawing up work programs: it determines the invariant (mandatory) part of the educational course, outside of which there remains the possibility of the author’s choice of a variable component of the educational content. Authors of work programs and textbooks can offer their own approach in terms of structuring educational material, determining the sequence of its study, expanding the volume (details) content, as well as ways to form a system of knowledge, skills and methods of activity, development, education and socialization of students. Work programs compiled on the basis of an example program can be used in educational institutions of different profiles and different specializations.

The approximate program for a basic school provides for the further development of all the main types of student activities presented in the programs of primary general education. However, the content of exemplary programs of basic general education has features determined, firstly, by the tasks of development, training and education of students, given social requirements for the level of development of their personal and cognitive qualities; secondly, the subject content of the general secondary education system; thirdly, the psychological age characteristics of the students.

The content of educational subjects, which in the basic school represents a system of scientific concepts and the corresponding methods of action, creates the necessary basis for the formation of theoretical reflective thinking among schoolchildren. This qualitatively new form of thinking acts as the operational and technical basis for the transition of students from educational activities as the ability to learn in primary school to educational activities with elements of self-education and self-development in primary school. This reveals new opportunities for the development of cognitive, communicative, aesthetic, subject-transforming (technical and technological) activities based on the value and semantic orientation of the individual in the world and society, the development of self-awareness and goal setting, and the building of an individual educational trajectory.

A significant role in the formation of a new type of educational activity in primary school belongs to the program for the formation of universal educational activities, specified in relation to the age characteristics of students. At the same time, the formation of all types of universal educational actions is ensured in the course of mastering all educational subjects and their cycles. At the same time, each of the educational subjects, crystallizing the sociocultural experience of certain types of activities, provides various opportunities for the formation of educational actions. Subjects of the natural and mathematical cycle first of all create a zone of proximal development for cognitive activity and, accordingly, the development of cognitive educational actions; humanitarian subjects, including subjects of the communicative cycle - for communicative activities and corresponding educational activities, etc.

Accordingly, the requirements for personal, meta-subject and subject learning outcomes (goals) for each of the sample programs in a primary school are determined by what types of activities prevail in a given academic subject. The requirements for learning outcomes in the sample program are described at the level of specific personal, meta-subject and subject actions that the student must master as a result of mastering the subject program.

The main feature of adolescence (from 11 to 14-15 years) is the beginning of the transition from childhood to adulthood, which is reflected in the formation of elements of adulthood in the cognitive, personal spheres, educational activities and communication of a teenager with adults and peers. Educational activity acquires the quality of subjectivity, which is expressed in the purposeful and motivated activity of the student, aimed at mastering the educational activity. A new level of motivation development is embodied in special internal positions student, the distinctive feature of which is the focus on independent cognitive search, setting educational goals, mastering educational activities, mastering and independently carrying out control and assessment actions; initiative in organizing educational cooperation. Thus, educational activities acquire the features of self-development and self-education activities.

The leading activity of adolescence, according to psychologists, is intimate and personal communication with peers. It is this that plays a special role in the formation of a form of self-awareness specific to this age - a sense of adulthood. Intimate and personal communication with peers is a qualitatively new form of communication, the main content of which is the establishment and maintenance of relationships with another person as an individual based on moral and ethical standards of respect, equality, and responsibility. The development of communication requires a qualitatively new level of mastery of means of communication, primarily speech. Self-determination in the value system and the formation of the foundations of a worldview in relation to the world, culture, society, and the education system create the basis for the formation of a person’s civic identity and prepare for the choice of specialized education to build an individual educational trajectory.

Students begin to master the highest forms of mental activity - theoretical, formal, reflective thinking. The basis of the ability to reason hypothetico-deductively and operate with hypotheses is formed; think abstractly and logically (in verbal terms), without resorting to relying on actions with specific objects.

The development of reflection acts as a teenager’s awareness of his own intellectual operations, speech, attention, memory, perception and management of them.

At the stage of basic general secondary education, students are included in project and research forms of educational activity, which determines the development of cognitive research universal educational activities (the ability to see problems, pose questions, classify, observe, conduct experiments, draw conclusions and conclusions, explain, prove, defend your ideas).

The requirements for the development of these abilities are determined by the system of requirements for personal and meta-subject actions and the program for the formation of universal educational actions. A key role in their formation is played by the content of academic subjects and methods of organizing educational activities and educational cooperation, determined by the approximate program for academic subjects, including a foreign language.

This sample program includes four sections: an explanatory note with requirements for learning outcomes; course content with a list of sections, approximate thematic planning indicating the minimum number of hours allocated to study topics, and defining the main types of educational activities of schoolchildren; recommendations for equipping the educational process.

The “Explanatory Note” reveals the features of each section of the program, the continuity of its content with the most important regulatory documents and the content of the foreign language program for primary education; a general description of the foreign language course and its place in the basic curriculum is given. Particular attention is paid to the goals of learning a foreign language, its contribution to solving the main pedagogical problems in the system of basic general education, as well as revealing the results of students mastering a foreign language program at the level of basic general education.

Goals and educational results are presented at several levels - meta-subject, personal and subject. In turn, substantive results are designated in accordance with the main spheres of human activity: cognitive, value-oriented, labor, physical, aesthetic.

The “Main Content” section includes a list of the content being studied, combined into content blocks, indicating the minimum number of teaching hours allocated for the study of each block.

The section “Approximate thematic planning” presents an approximate list of topics in a foreign language course and the number of teaching hours allocated to the study of each topic, a description of the main content of the topics and the main types of student activities (at the level of educational activities).